Piperazine derivatives



United States Patent Office 3,166,557 PIPERAZINE DERIVATIVE Sidney D. Ross, Williamstown, and Manuel Fiukelstein, North Adams, Mass., assignors to Sprague Electric Company, North Adams, Mass, a corporation of Massachusetts N Drawing. Filed Oct. 9, 1963, Ser. No. 314,876 4 Claims. (Cl. 260268) The present invention relates to new chemical compounds and more particularly to compounds having the following formula:

wherein X is a halogen atom and Z is an organic radical selected from the class consisting of an aromatic group havi-ng at least one appropriate activating substitutent, a nitrogen atom containing aromatic group and an N-alkylsubstituted nitrogen atom containing aromatic group.

One of the main chemical variables in aromatic nucleophilic substitution (the reaction involved in this invention) is the activation or deactivation provided by the structure of the aromatic compound. A substituent is called activating or deactivating according as it produces, with respect to hydrogen, an increase or decrease in the rate of reaction. In the case of heterocyclic compounds, a hetero atom is said to be activating if introduction of it into a ring in place of CH or CH=CH increases the rate of substitution.

The new compounds of the present invention are prepared by reacting a suitably activated aromatic halogen compound with 1,4-diazabicyclo (2-2-2) octane i.e. with triethylene diami-ne. The suitably activated aromatic halogen compounds contemplated include the following:

(1) Aryl halides having one or more of the same or from 2 to of the following different, electron-withdrawing, activating substituents:

Diazonium salt group (N Ni-troso group (NO) Nitro group (N0 Methylsulfonyl (CH SO Trimethylammonio (CH N+) Trifluoromethyl (CF Acyl groups (RCO) Cyano (CN) Carboxyl (COOH) Carboxylate (COO Ester (COOR) (2) Nitrogen atom containing aromatic halide compounds and alkyl-substituted nitrogen containing aromatic halide compounds. Examples of these compounds are 4 chloropyridene, 4 chloroquinoline, 4 chloro N-methylpyridinium iodide, etc.

It is necessary that the halogen atom be ortho or para to the activating group or the nitrogen atom. This is true even when employing a condensed nuclear compound such as bromo-nitro-naphthalene. The bromo and nitro substitue-nts must occupy the 1 and 2 or 1 and 4 positions. If this rule is not followed practical activation levels will not be reached.

Following are examples of the formation of representative members of the above-identified group of compounds.

3,166,557 Patented Jan. 19, 1965 EXAMPLE I N-p-nizrophenyl-N'- [2- (4-aza-1 -az0niabicycl0 V (2 2 2 octane) -ethy l] pi perazine chloride A solution of p-nitrochlorobenzene (0.20 mole) and 1,4 diazabicyclo (2-2-2) octane (0.0576 mole) in benzyl alcohol (400 ml.) was kept in a stoppered flask at 150 C. for 20 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into one liter of benzene and this solution was extracted five times with water. Water was removed from the combined extracts under vacuum, and the dark residue was crystallized from isopropyl alcohol. The total crude product, obtained in three crops, weighed 10.0 g. (91% It does not melt but decomposes slowly starting at 250 C.

Analysis-Calculated for C H N O Cl: Theoretical, Cl 9.29%. Found, Cl 9.09%, 9.17%.

The following structure has been proved for this compound:

EXAMPLE II N -2,4 dinitr0phenyl-N'- [2-(4-aza-1-azoniabicycl0- (2 -2 2 -octane)-ethyl] -piperazin'e chloride A solution of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (0.03 mole) and 1,4 diazabicyclo (2-2-2) octane (0.07 mole) in acetonitrile ml.) was left standing at room temperature for 48 hours. The product, which precipitated, was filtered; yield, 10.0 g. (78%). A sample crystallized from i-propanol-rnethanol-hexane did not melt but underwent slow decomposition starting at 236 C.

Analysis.-Calculated for C1 H2qN 04C1: Theoretical, Cl 8.30%. Found, Cl 8.26%.

The following structure has been proved for this compound:

EXAMPLE III N-2 nitro-4 trifluoromethylphenyl-N-[2-(4-aza-1-azoniabicyclo (2 -2 -2)-octane)-ethyl] -pz'perazine chloride The compounds of the instant invention have utility as the solute in electrolyte systems for use in electrolytic capacitors. The novel feature of the electrolyte system resides in the cationic part of the solute. The compounds as formed have a positive charge in the cation and therefore in an electric field tend to concentrate at the cathode.

3 i By providing a readily reducible group in the cation, hy- 2. A compound having the formula: drogen produced at the cathode is in effect scavenged by v its reduction of the reducible ou For electrol te ur- 0 CH2 I-I X" gr 1 y P 1 i 2 poses the halide anions can be replaced by pentaborate, nitrate or any other suitable anion by straightforward 5 wherein X a halogen atomt th i reactions 3. A compound having the formula:

What is claimed is: N0

+ 1. A compound of the formula X L/ f T 10 wherein X is a halogenatom. 4. A compound having the formula:

N0 wherein X is selected from the group consisting of halogen, c N NCI-I CH i 1 N, X- pentaborate and nitrate and R is at least one electron- 15 withdrawing activiating substituent selected from the wherein X is a halogen atom.

group consisting of NO, N0 CH SO CF CN and COOH. No references cited. 

1. A COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA 